Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis)
Biology:
Rosemary is a perennial scrub growing up to 2m tall and native to the Mediterranean region.
Cultural history:
The name rosemary is derived from the Latin ros marinus meaning “dew of the sea.” This expression most likely refers to the fact that rosemary frequently grows along the Mediterranean coastlines and collects the morning dew between its needle-like leaves. As a spice until today rosemary defines the taste of Mediterranian cuisine. Rosemary was used in one the oldest perfumes based on essential oils and alcohol. It is mentioned as “Hungary Water” in sources from the 14th century.
Active ingredients:
The main active ingredients are Cineol, Borneol, Campher, Bornylacetat and Terpineol.
Effects & side effects:
Rosemary oil has strong antiseptic and antimycotic properties. It can be taken externally or internally to stimulate blood circulation and against pain caused by gout or rheumatic arthritis. Just like many other herbal remedies, rosemary is quite potent and must be taken as oil in high dosages: it potentially can cause epileptic seizures and even fatal pulmonary edema. It is also counter indicated when pregnant or breastfeeding.